Tanning a squirrel pelt is a rewarding process that preserves a beautiful piece of nature and allows you to create unique crafts. This detailed guide walks you through each step, ensuring you achieve a soft, supple, and long-lasting hide. Whether you're a seasoned taxidermist or a curious beginner, this guide will equip you with the knowledge and techniques needed for successful squirrel pelt tanning.
Preparing the Squirrel Pelt
Before you begin the tanning process, proper preparation is crucial. This stage sets the foundation for a successful outcome. Neglecting these steps can result in a stiff, brittle pelt.
1. Skinning and Fleshing the Squirrel
- Careful Skinning: Start by carefully skinning the squirrel. Make a clean incision from the inside of each hind leg, up the belly, and around the neck. Avoid damaging the hide. Use a sharp knife or scalpel.
- Removing Excess Fat and Tissue: Once skinned, thoroughly flesh the pelt. This involves removing all remaining fat, muscle tissue, and any connective tissue from the hide's flesh side. A fleshing beam and a dull knife work well for this. Thorough fleshing is key to preventing putrefaction and ensuring a soft final product. Be patient!
2. Cleaning the Pelt
- Washing: After fleshing, wash the pelt gently in cool water with a mild detergent. This removes any remaining blood, dirt, and debris. Avoid harsh chemicals or hot water, which can damage the hide's fibers.
- Salt Curing: Salt curing is essential for preserving the pelt and preventing bacterial growth. Liberally sprinkle non-iodized salt over both the flesh and hair sides, ensuring complete coverage. Place the salted pelt in a cool, well-ventilated area for several days (at least 3-5, depending on the size and weather). You should see the salt drawing out moisture. Turn the pelt occasionally.
Tanning the Squirrel Pelt: Choosing Your Method
Several tanning methods exist, each with its pros and cons. The choice depends on your experience level, access to chemicals, and desired outcome.
1. Brain Tanning (Traditional Method)
Brain tanning is a time-tested traditional method using the squirrel's own brain as a natural tanning agent. It's environmentally friendly and produces a soft, pliable leather. However, it's more labor-intensive and requires careful attention to detail.
- Brain Preparation: Carefully remove the squirrel's brain and mix it with water to create a creamy paste.
- Application: Work the brain paste thoroughly into the flesh side of the pelt. Ensure even coverage.
- Working and Stretching: After several hours, work the pelt and stretch it to soften the fibers. Repeat this process for several days. This involves repeated working and stretching until it becomes soft and pliable.
2. Commercial Tanning Kits
Commercial tanning kits are readily available and offer a convenient alternative to brain tanning. They typically include all the necessary chemicals and instructions for a simpler tanning process. These kits provide consistent results, especially for beginners. Always follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully.
3. Alum Tanning
Alum tanning uses a chemical called alum, a naturally occurring mineral. It's a simpler method than brain tanning and requires less time. However, the resulting leather might not be as soft as brain-tanned leather. Again, follow precise instructions for safety and successful tanning.
Finishing the Pelt
Once the tanning process is complete, several steps ensure the pelt's longevity and softness.
1. Neutralization
After tanning (regardless of the method), neutralize the pelt to remove any remaining chemicals. This step is crucial for preventing future damage to the leather. Many commercial kits will include a neutralizing agent.
2. Oil Treatment
Apply a leather conditioner or oil to the pelt to add softness and flexibility. This helps protect the leather from drying out and cracking. Neatsfoot oil is often recommended for its moisturizing properties.
3. Drying and Storage
Finally, allow the pelt to dry slowly and evenly in a well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight. Avoid rapid drying, which can cause shrinkage and stiffness. Once completely dry, store the pelt in a cool, dry place, ideally in a breathable container to prevent damage from pests and moisture.
Potential Challenges and Troubleshooting
- Stiffness: Insufficient fleshing, improper tanning, or rapid drying can lead to stiffness. Ensure thorough fleshing and follow the tanning instructions carefully.
- Hair Slippage: Hair slippage can occur if the pelt isn't properly cured before tanning. Ensure adequate salt curing.
- Mold or Mildew: Improper storage or inadequate curing can result in mold or mildew. Ensure the pelt is completely dry before storing.
Conclusion
Tanning a squirrel pelt is a rewarding process that connects you with nature and allows you to create unique crafts. Following these steps, paying close attention to detail, and selecting the appropriate tanning method will yield a soft, supple, and long-lasting hide. Remember to prioritize safety and follow all instructions carefully, especially when using chemicals. Enjoy the process and the beautiful results!