The Remington 700 is a legendary bolt-action rifle, renowned for its accuracy and reliability. A key decision when choosing a Remington 700 is selecting between the long action and short action. This choice isn't arbitrary; it directly impacts the types of cartridges you can use and the overall dimensions of the rifle. Understanding the differences is crucial for finding the perfect firearm for your needs. This in-depth guide will explore the nuances of Remington 700 long action vs. short action, helping you make an informed decision.
Understanding Action Length: The Foundation of Cartridge Compatibility
The term "action" refers to the heart of the rifle – the mechanism that houses the bolt, breech, and magazine. The action length determines the overall length of the rifle's receiver and, critically, the types of cartridges it can chamber. A longer action accommodates longer cartridges, while a shorter action is designed for smaller rounds. This seemingly simple difference has significant implications for your choice.
Long Action: Power and Precision for Larger Cartridges
The Remington 700 long action is built to handle powerful, longer cartridges. These typically include magnum rounds and other high-powered hunting calibers. Some examples of cartridges compatible with a long action include:
- .300 Winchester Magnum: A popular choice for long-range hunting.
- .338 Lapua Magnum: Known for its extreme range and stopping power.
- 7mm Remington Magnum: A versatile cartridge suitable for various game.
- .300 Weatherby Magnum: A powerful cartridge for long-range shots.
- .375 H&H Magnum: A heavy-hitting cartridge often used for dangerous game.
Advantages of a Long Action:
- Handles larger cartridges: Offers greater versatility for hunting larger game at longer distances.
- More powerful rounds: Provides increased stopping power and energy.
- Suitable for long-range shooting: Ideal for precision shooting at extended ranges.
Disadvantages of a Long Action:
- Larger and heavier: Can be less maneuverable in dense environments.
- More recoil: Requires more practice to manage recoil effectively.
- Potentially more expensive: May cost more due to its robust design.
Short Action: Maneuverability and Versatility for Shorter Rounds
The Remington 700 short action is designed for shorter, less powerful cartridges. These are often favored for hunting smaller game, target shooting, or situations requiring a more compact and lightweight rifle. Common cartridges compatible with a short action include:
- .243 Winchester: A popular choice for deer hunting.
- .270 Winchester: Another versatile cartridge used for various game.
- .308 Winchester: A highly adaptable cartridge for hunting and target shooting.
- 6.5 Creedmoor: Known for its accuracy and flatter trajectory.
- 7mm-08 Remington: A good balance between power and recoil.
Advantages of a Short Action:
- Lighter and more compact: Easier to handle and carry in the field.
- Less recoil: More comfortable to shoot, especially for new shooters.
- More affordable: Generally less expensive than long-action rifles.
Disadvantages of a Short Action:
- Limited cartridge selection: Doesn't handle the largest or most powerful rounds.
- Less powerful rounds: May not be suitable for all hunting situations or larger game.
- Shorter effective range: Reduced effectiveness at longer distances.
Choosing the Right Action: A Practical Guide
The decision between a Remington 700 long action and short action hinges entirely on your intended use. Consider the following factors:
- Intended use: What type of game will you be hunting? What distances will you be shooting at?
- Cartridge preference: Have you already chosen a specific cartridge? This will dictate the action length you need.
- Physical attributes: Consider your body size and strength. A long action can be more difficult to handle for smaller shooters.
- Budget: Long actions are generally more expensive.
Case Study: Comparing Two Hunters
Let's consider two hypothetical hunters:
Hunter A: A seasoned hunter pursuing elk and deer in mountainous terrain. Hunter A needs a powerful cartridge for long-range shots and chooses a Remington 700 in .300 Winchester Magnum (long action). The added power and range are crucial for his hunting style.
Hunter B: A new hunter focusing on smaller game like whitetail deer in wooded areas. Hunter B prefers a more maneuverable rifle with less recoil and chooses a Remington 700 in .270 Winchester (short action). This is a more comfortable and practical choice for his needs.
Conclusion: Understanding Your Needs is Key
Choosing between a Remington 700 long action and short action isn't about picking a "better" option. It's about selecting the rifle that best aligns with your specific hunting style, skill level, and intended use. By carefully considering your needs and the characteristics of each action, you can confidently choose the Remington 700 that will provide years of reliable performance. Remember to always consult with experienced firearms professionals and prioritize safe gun handling practices.