The Iver Johnson Arms & Cycle Works produced a vast array of firearms throughout its history, and among its most recognizable are the various models of its .38 Special revolvers. These handguns, manufactured from the late 19th century well into the 20th, represent a significant piece of American firearms history. This guide dives deep into the world of Iver Johnson .38 Special revolvers, covering their history, variations, identification, and collectability.
The History of Iver Johnson Firearm Production
Iver Johnson's story begins in Worcester, Massachusetts, in 1871. Initially focused on bicycles, the company quickly expanded into firearms, becoming known for its innovative safety features and affordable pricing. This made their revolvers popular among civilians, law enforcement, and even some military branches. The .38 Special caliber, adopted by many police forces in the early 20th century, fueled the popularity of Iver Johnson's .38 Special revolvers. Their "safety automatic" revolvers were particularly lauded for their hammer-blocking mechanisms, designed to prevent accidental discharge.
Key Periods and Model Variations
Iver Johnson produced .38 Special revolvers over several decades, with notable variations in design and features across different periods. Identifying specific models can be challenging due to the sheer number produced and the company's practice of using similar naming conventions across different years and production runs. However, some key periods and features stand out:
- Late 19th/Early 20th Century: These revolvers often featured simpler designs, sometimes lacking the more sophisticated safety mechanisms found in later models. Many were solid-frame revolvers.
- Mid-20th Century: The "Safety Automatic" revolvers gained prominence. These incorporated the hammer-blocking mechanism. This era also saw a range of finishes, including nickel and blued steel. Some variations incorporated target sights.
- Late 20th Century: Production shifted, and the .38 Special models became less common as other calibers and firearms gained popularity.
Identifying Your Iver Johnson .38 Special Revolver
Determining the precise model and year of manufacture of an Iver Johnson .38 Special can be difficult without expert knowledge or access to detailed records. However, key features can help narrow it down:
- Markings: The firearm's markings, including serial numbers, model names (if any), and manufacturing location, are critical. These markings are typically stamped on the barrel, frame, and cylinder.
- Frame Type: Iver Johnson revolvers came in various frame types – solid frame, top break, etc. Each has distinctive features and usually correlates with a period of manufacture.
- Safety Mechanisms: The presence (or absence) of specific safety features is a major identifier. The "Safety Automatic" feature is a key distinguishing factor for many models.
- Grips: The style and material of the grips can also provide clues as to the age and model.
A Table Summarizing Key Identifying Features
| Feature | Early Models (pre-1920s) | Mid-20th Century Models | Late 20th Century Models |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frame Type | Often solid frame | Mostly solid frame | Varies, often simpler |
| Safety | Basic or none | "Safety Automatic" prominent | Simplified safety features |
| Markings | Simpler, fewer markings | More detailed markings | Less detailed markings |
| Grips | Often hard rubber or wood | Hard rubber, wood or plastic | Usually plastic |
The Value and Collectability of Iver Johnson .38 Special Revolvers
The value of an Iver Johnson .38 Special revolver depends significantly on its condition, rarity, and completeness. Factors affecting collectability include:
- Condition: A well-preserved, original revolver in excellent condition will command a higher price. Rust, pitting, and significant wear detract from value.
- Rarity: Certain models or variations are rarer than others, making them more valuable to collectors. Unusual features or finishes also increase value.
- Originality: A revolver with all original parts and accessories will generally fetch more than one with replacements or modifications.
- Box and Paperwork: The presence of the original box, manual, or other paperwork significantly adds to a revolver's collectibility and value.
Unfortunately, providing precise valuation is impossible without a hands-on inspection by an experienced firearms appraiser. Online resources and auction sites can provide estimates, but these should be considered with caution. Always have a firearm professionally appraised before making a purchase or sale.
Safety Precautions
Always handle firearms safely. Before handling any firearm, ensure it's unloaded and treat it as if it's loaded. Familiarize yourself with proper firearm safety rules and regulations in your area. Never point a firearm at anything you don't intend to shoot. Consider seeking training from a qualified firearms instructor. The information provided here is for educational purposes only; it does not constitute firearms instruction or training.
Remember, responsible gun ownership is paramount.
This detailed guide provides a comprehensive overview of the Iver Johnson .38 Special revolver. Further research using specific serial numbers and detailed images is recommended for accurate identification and valuation. Always prioritize safety when handling firearms.