The French MAS 49/56 is a fascinating rifle with a rich history. Originally chambered in 7.5x54mm French, its conversion to .308 Winchester has breathed new life into this classic design, making it appealing to collectors and shooters alike. This guide delves deep into the MAS 49/56 in .308, exploring its history, modifications, performance, and overall appeal.
The History of the MAS 49/56
The MAS 49 rifle, adopted by the French Army in 1949, represented a significant leap forward in French military small arms design. Its robust construction, incorporating features like a long, heavy barrel and a gas-operated action, ensured reliability and accuracy. The later MAS 49/56 variant introduced improvements to the manufacturing process and some minor design refinements, improving its overall efficiency and durability. These rifles served faithfully for decades, seeing action in various conflicts.
Transitioning to .308 Winchester
The decision to convert the MAS 49/56 to .308 Winchester was primarily driven by standardization and logistics. The adoption of NATO calibers simplified ammunition supply and interoperability within allied forces. This conversion involved re-barreling and often other modifications to the existing rifles, allowing for the use of readily available and cost-effective .308 ammunition.
Modifications for .308 Conversion
Converting a MAS 49/56 to .308 Winchester is not a simple undertaking. It requires skilled gunsmithing, as the original chamber was designed for the 7.5x54mm French round. Key modifications include:
- Barrel Replacement: The original barrel must be removed and replaced with a barrel chambered in .308 Winchester. This requires precise machining to ensure proper fit and function.
- Bolt Face Modification: The bolt face may need modification to properly handle the different cartridge dimensions. A poorly executed modification in this area could compromise safety.
- Magazine Modifications: The original magazines are often adapted or replaced to function reliably with .308 ammunition. Some conversions use modified original magazines, while others employ entirely new magazines designed for .308 cartridges.
Important Note: Converting a MAS 49/56 should only be done by a qualified and experienced gunsmith. Improper conversions can lead to malfunctions, damage, and even injury.
Performance and Accuracy of the .308 MAS 49/56
The .308 Winchester conversion significantly alters the rifle's ballistics. The .308 cartridge offers increased range, flatter trajectory, and more readily available ammunition compared to the original 7.5x54mm French round. The accuracy of a converted MAS 49/56 depends heavily on the quality of the conversion and the condition of the rifle. However, many converted rifles are capable of respectable accuracy at moderate ranges, often grouping within 2-3 MOA (Minute of Angle) with appropriate ammunition.
Ammunition Considerations
While the .308 Winchester round is widely available, it's crucial to select ammunition carefully. Some loads may be too powerful for the original action of the MAS 49/56, potentially causing damage. Choosing ammunition with standard pressures is critical for the rifle's long-term safety and reliability.
The MAS 49/56 in .308: Collector's Item or Practical Shooter's Rifle?
The .308 MAS 49/56 holds appeal for both collectors and practical shooters. Its historical significance and unique design make it a desirable addition to any collection. Furthermore, its robust construction and relatively manageable recoil in .308 make it a capable and enjoyable rifle for target shooting, hunting (where legal), or recreational shooting.
However, potential buyers should consider some drawbacks:
- Availability: Converted MAS 49/56 rifles can be harder to find than other .308 rifles.
- Cost: The price can vary depending on the condition of the rifle and the quality of the conversion. Expect to pay a premium for a well-converted and properly maintained example.
- Maintenance: Like any older firearm, regular maintenance is vital to ensure its safe and reliable operation.
Conclusion: A Unique Piece of History
The French MAS 49/56 in .308 represents a unique blend of history and practicality. Its conversion to a modern caliber makes it accessible to a broader range of shooters, while retaining much of the character and charm of its original design. While not for everyone, it offers a captivating combination of historical significance and enjoyable shooting characteristics for those who appreciate its legacy. Always prioritize safety and ensure proper handling and maintenance of any firearm.