Double barrel 20 gauge shotguns hold a unique place in the world of firearms. Smaller and lighter than their 12-gauge counterparts, they offer a compelling blend of portability, maneuverability, and stopping power, making them popular choices for various applications. This comprehensive guide dives deep into the world of double barrel 20 gauges, exploring their history, features, uses, and considerations for potential buyers.
Understanding the Appeal of a Double Barrel 20 Gauge
The 20 gauge is a versatile option, striking a balance between power and recoil. It's less punishing to shoot than a 12 gauge, making it ideal for beginners or those with less upper body strength. However, it still packs a significant punch, making it effective for hunting a wide range of game. The double barrel configuration adds another layer of practicality. Two shots are instantly available, crucial in situations where a quick follow-up shot is needed. This makes it excellent for hunting birds, as a second shot might be necessary to quickly secure a downed bird.
Advantages of a Double Barrel 20 Gauge
- Lightweight and Maneuverable: Their reduced weight and smaller size make them easier to carry and handle, especially during extended hunting trips or in dense cover.
- Compact Design: Ideal for smaller-framed shooters or those who prefer a more compact firearm.
- Instantaneous Second Shot: The double barrel design allows for an immediate second shot without needing to reload, crucial in fast-paced hunting situations.
- Reliable Mechanism: Double barrel shotguns are renowned for their simple, robust mechanics, minimizing the risk of malfunctions.
- Variety of Uses: Suitable for hunting a variety of game birds and small game, as well as home defense.
Disadvantages of a Double Barrel 20 Gauge
- Limited Ammunition: Only two shots are available before reloading, which may be a disadvantage in some hunting or self-defense situations.
- Slower Reloading: Compared to pump-action or semi-automatic shotguns, reloading a double barrel takes longer.
- Higher Cost: Double barrel shotguns, particularly high-quality models, tend to be more expensive than other types of shotguns.
- Recoil: While less than a 12 gauge, the recoil can still be substantial for some shooters, especially with heavier loads.
Choosing the Right Double Barrel 20 Gauge: Key Considerations
Selecting the ideal double barrel 20 gauge involves carefully considering several factors:
Barrel Length:
Barrel length influences both the shotgun's handling characteristics and the patterns of the shot spread. Shorter barrels are easier to maneuver but may produce wider shot patterns. Longer barrels offer tighter patterns at longer ranges, but might feel less nimble. Common barrel lengths for 20 gauge double barrels range from 26 to 30 inches.
Stock Type:
The stock significantly affects the shotgun's ergonomics. Different stocks cater to various body types and shooting styles. Consider factors like:
- Drop at Comb and Heel: These measurements influence how the gun fits your shoulder and cheek. Proper fit is critical for comfort and accuracy.
- Length of Pull: The distance from the trigger to the butt of the stock.
- Cast: The side-to-side offset of the stock.
Choke Tubes:
Choke tubes restrict the diameter of the barrel at the muzzle, affecting shot pattern density. Different chokes are suited for different hunting situations:
- Cylinder: Offers a wide pattern suitable for close-range shots.
- Improved Cylinder (IC): Slightly tighter than Cylinder.
- Modified (M): A versatile choke for moderate ranges.
- Full (F): Provides the tightest pattern for long-range shots.
Many double barrel 20 gauges come with multiple choke tubes or are readily adaptable for choke tube use.
Types of Double Barrel 20 Gauges
Double barrel 20 gauges are available in several configurations:
- Side-by-Side (SXS): The two barrels are arranged side-by-side. This classic configuration is often favored for its elegant aesthetics and balanced handling.
- Over-Under (O/U): One barrel is stacked above the other. This design can offer slightly better pointing characteristics for some shooters.
Maintenance and Care of Your Double Barrel 20 Gauge
Proper care ensures the longevity and reliability of your shotgun. Regular cleaning after each use is essential. This includes:
- Cleaning the barrels with a bore brush and solvent.
- Removing any residue from the action and trigger mechanism.
- Applying a light coat of oil to protect metal surfaces from corrosion.
Case Study: The Popularity of the Double Barrel 20 Gauge in Upland Bird Hunting
Double barrel 20 gauges have maintained significant popularity among upland bird hunters. Their lightweight nature and manageable recoil make them ideal for carrying through fields and forests for extended periods. The fast follow-up shot capability is crucial when hunting fast-moving birds like pheasants or quail. Many seasoned hunters find the precision and feel of a well-maintained double barrel 20 gauge unsurpassed for this type of hunting.
Conclusion: The Enduring Legacy of the Double Barrel 20 Gauge
The double barrel 20 gauge represents a classic and reliable firearm design. Its blend of portability, power, and inherent elegance continues to appeal to both seasoned hunters and newcomers alike. By carefully considering the factors discussed in this guide, you can choose a double barrel 20 gauge that perfectly fits your needs and enhances your shooting experience. Remember to always prioritize safety and practice responsible gun ownership.