The .45 Colt cartridge, a venerable round with a rich history, finds renewed interest among enthusiasts of black powder shooting. This powerful cartridge, originally designed for the iconic Colt Single Action Army revolver, offers a unique and rewarding shooting experience when loaded with black powder. This article will delve into the specifics of black powder 45 Colt, covering its history, the intricacies of reloading, safety precautions, and the overall shooting experience.
The Legacy of the .45 Colt
The .45 Colt, introduced in 1873 alongside the Colt Peacemaker, quickly became a legendary cartridge. Its substantial bullet diameter and relatively slow velocity delivered impressive stopping power, making it a favorite of lawmen and frontiersmen alike. The cartridge's versatility extended beyond its role as a handgun round; it also saw use in lever-action rifles like the Winchester Model 1873.
The original .45 Colt black powder loads were significantly different from modern smokeless powder equivalents. Black powder loads produced a considerable amount of fouling, requiring diligent cleaning after each shooting session. This historical context is important for understanding the nuances of modern black powder .45 Colt shooting.
Black Powder vs. Smokeless Powder in .45 Colt
| Feature | Black Powder | Smokeless Powder |
|---|---|---|
| Pressure | Lower peak pressure, slower burn rate | Higher peak pressure, faster burn rate |
| Fouling | Significant fouling requiring frequent cleaning | Less fouling, easier cleaning |
| Recoil | Softer recoil due to slower pressure build-up | Sharper recoil due to faster pressure build-up |
| Accuracy | Can be highly accurate with proper loading | Generally more accurate due to consistent burn |
| Storage | Requires careful storage due to hygroscopicity | More stable and less prone to degradation |
Reloading Black Powder .45 Colt: A Step-by-Step Guide
Reloading black powder cartridges demands precision and meticulous attention to safety. Improper loading can result in dangerous pressure surges. Always refer to reloading manuals specific to black powder before attempting this process.
1. Gather Your Supplies: This includes black powder (carefully stored and handled), .45 Colt cases (cleaned and inspected), bullets (.454" diameter, suitable for black powder loads), appropriate wads, and a powder measure specifically designed for black powder. You'll also need a reloading press, case trimmer, and other standard reloading tools.
2. Case Preparation: Clean and inspect your cases, removing any primer residue or damage. Trim the cases to the correct length to ensure consistent cartridge length.
3. Powder Measurement: Carefully measure the correct amount of black powder. Never, ever guess or eyeball the powder charge. Use a calibrated powder measure specifically designed for black powder and always double-check your measurements. Even slight variations in charge can lead to dangerous pressure issues.
4. Wad Insertion: A wad is crucial to prevent the black powder from directly contacting the bullet. Properly seat the wad to ensure a consistent space between the powder and bullet.
5. Bullet Seating: Carefully seat the bullet, ensuring it is properly crimped to prevent movement during firing. Excessive crimping can also lead to pressure issues.
6. Priming: Use appropriate black powder primers. These primers are specifically designed for the slower burn rate of black powder.
Safety Precautions for Black Powder .45 Colt
Handling black powder requires utmost caution. Black powder is extremely sensitive to static electricity, sparks, and heat. Always follow these safety guidelines:
- Never load more than one round at a time.
- Keep your reloading area clean and free of flammable materials.
- Store black powder in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from any ignition sources.
- Always wear safety glasses and hearing protection when reloading and shooting.
- Clean your firearm thoroughly after each shooting session. Black powder residue is highly corrosive.
- Understand the pressure limits for your firearm. Loading excessive powder is extremely dangerous.
The Shooting Experience
Shooting black powder .45 Colt offers a unique experience. The slower burn rate results in a softer recoil compared to smokeless powder loads. The substantial bullet diameter and slower velocity deliver impressive power. However, the increased fouling necessitates more frequent cleaning. The smell and the visual effects are also distinctly different from smokeless powder, adding to the historical authenticity.
Conclusion
Shooting black powder .45 Colt is a rewarding experience for those who appreciate the history and craftsmanship of firearms. However, it requires meticulous attention to detail, meticulous safety precautions, and a thorough understanding of reloading techniques. Always prioritize safety and consult reputable reloading manuals before attempting to load black powder cartridges. Remember to always respect the power of the .45 Colt and practice safe firearm handling at all times.