Choosing the right cartridge for hunting small game or plinking at the range can be tricky. Two popular options often top the list: the .22 Hornet and the .22 Winchester Magnum Rimfire (.22 WMR). While both are .22 caliber rounds, their performance and applications differ significantly. This in-depth comparison will help you decide which cartridge best suits your needs.
Understanding the Differences: .22 Hornet vs .22 WMR
The key differences between the .22 Hornet and the .22 WMR lie in their design, power, and intended uses. Let's break down the specifics.
Cartridge Type and Design
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.22 Hornet: This is a bottlenecked centerfire cartridge, meaning the casing is narrower at the base and wider near the bullet. Centerfire cartridges have a primer located in the center of the cartridge base, offering greater safety and consistency.
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.22 WMR: This is a rimfire cartridge, meaning the primer is located in the rim of the casing. Rimfire cartridges are generally simpler and less expensive to manufacture but are also known to be less reliable and less powerful than centerfire rounds.
Ballistics and Power
| Feature | .22 Hornet | .22 WMR |
|---|---|---|
| Type | Centerfire | Rimfire |
| Case Length | 1.17 in (29.7 mm) | 0.95 in (24.1 mm) |
| Typical Bullet Weight | 40-46 grain | 30-45 grain |
| Muzzle Velocity | 2500-2700 fps (760-820 m/s) | 1420-1575 fps (430-480 m/s) |
| Muzzle Energy | ~250-300 ft-lbs (340-410 J) | ~180-270 ft-lbs (240-370 J) |
| Effective Range | 200 yards+ | 150 yards (depending on bullet type) |
As the table demonstrates, the .22 Hornet boasts significantly higher velocity and muzzle energy, making it the more powerful option. This translates to a flatter trajectory and greater effective range.
Recoil
Given the power difference, the .22 Hornet produces noticeably more recoil than the .22 WMR. This is important to consider for new shooters or those sensitive to recoil. The .22 WMR’s gentler recoil makes it a more comfortable option for extended shooting sessions.
Accuracy and Precision
Both cartridges are capable of good accuracy, but the .22 Hornet generally offers superior precision, especially at longer ranges. The higher velocity and flatter trajectory contribute to improved accuracy.
Cost and Availability
.22 WMR ammunition is typically less expensive and more readily available than .22 Hornet ammunition. This is primarily due to the greater popularity and simpler manufacturing of rimfire rounds.
Applications: Hunting and Target Shooting
Hunting
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.22 Hornet: Ideal for small game hunting such as rabbits, squirrels, and groundhogs. Its increased power and accuracy make it effective at longer ranges.
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.22 WMR: Suitable for hunting similar small game at closer ranges. It's a good choice for situations where lighter recoil is preferred, such as hunting from a tree stand or shooting in less-than-ideal conditions.
Target Shooting
Both cartridges can be used for target shooting, but the .22 WMR's lower cost makes it more popular for plinking and casual shooting. The .22 Hornet, with its superior accuracy, is favored by those who prioritize precision.
Which Cartridge is Right for You?
The best cartridge depends entirely on your intended use.
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Choose the .22 Hornet if:
- You need maximum range and power.
- You prioritize accuracy.
- You're hunting small game at longer ranges.
- You don't mind higher recoil and slightly higher ammo costs.
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Choose the .22 WMR if:
- You need a less expensive and readily available cartridge.
- You prefer lighter recoil.
- You're hunting small game at closer ranges.
- Casual plinking is your primary use case.
Ultimately, the decision hinges on your individual needs and preferences. Consider the factors outlined above to select the cartridge that best aligns with your shooting goals. Consider trying both to determine which feel is best for you!