The 20 gauge double barrel shotgun holds a special place in the hearts of many shooters. Its manageable recoil, versatility, and classic design make it a popular choice for everything from hunting small game to clay target shooting. This comprehensive guide will delve into the world of 20 gauge double barrels, exploring their history, advantages, disadvantages, and considerations for choosing the right one for your needs.
Understanding the 20 Gauge Double Barrel
The 20 gauge double barrel shotgun is, at its core, a firearm with two barrels side-by-side, each capable of firing a single 20 gauge shell. This design offers a unique shooting experience, often preferred for its inherent balance and quick follow-up shots. The smaller gauge, compared to the more common 12 gauge, results in less recoil, making it more comfortable for many shooters, particularly beginners or those with smaller builds. This lower recoil also translates to better accuracy, especially in rapid-fire situations.
History of the 20 Gauge Double Barrel
The origins of double-barreled shotguns trace back centuries, with early versions emerging in the 16th and 17th centuries. The 20 gauge, however, gained significant popularity in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It offered a balance between power and manageability, making it ideal for a wider range of hunting applications compared to larger gauges. Many renowned gunsmiths crafted exquisite 20 gauge double barrels, establishing a legacy of craftsmanship and quality that persists to this day. Classic designs still influence modern production models.
Advantages of a 20 Gauge Double Barrel Shotgun
- Reduced Recoil: This is arguably the most significant advantage. The smaller gauge and lighter weight result in noticeably less recoil compared to a 12 gauge, making it a more pleasant shooting experience for extended periods.
- Improved Accuracy: Lower recoil contributes to better accuracy, especially for rapid follow-up shots, a key factor in hunting moving targets.
- Versatility: 20 gauge double barrels are suitable for various applications, including upland bird hunting (pheasant, quail, grouse), small game hunting (rabbit, squirrel), and even clay target shooting. The right ammunition choices are key here.
- Elegance and Classic Design: Many shooters appreciate the elegant aesthetics and traditional craftsmanship associated with double barrel shotguns. They represent a timeless piece of firearm history.
- Reliability: Simple mechanical designs generally equate to reliable performance. With proper maintenance, a 20 gauge double barrel can provide years of dependable service.
Disadvantages of a 20 Gauge Double Barrel Shotgun
- Limited Capacity: The inherent design limits the capacity to two shots. This contrasts with pump-action or semi-automatic shotguns, which can hold multiple rounds.
- Higher Ammunition Cost (per shot): While the overall cost of shooting might be lower due to reduced ammo consumption per hunting trip, the cost per individual shell tends to be slightly higher than 12 gauge ammunition.
- Heavier Than Single-Barreled Shotguns: Although lighter than comparable 12 gauge double barrels, a 20 gauge double barrel is still heavier than a single-barrel 20 gauge. This can be a factor for long days in the field.
- Slower Reloading: Reloading a double barrel takes longer than cycling a pump-action or semi-automatic shotgun. This can be a disadvantage in fast-paced hunting situations.
Choosing the Right 20 Gauge Double Barrel
Selecting a 20 gauge double barrel involves several key considerations:
Barrel Length and Choke
Barrel length influences swing characteristics and shot patterns. Shorter barrels are more maneuverable, while longer barrels often deliver tighter patterns. Chokes determine the shot spread. Modified and improved cylinder chokes are common for hunting, while tighter chokes like full are used for longer-range targets.
Action Type
Side-by-side and over-under are the primary action types. Side-by-side is the classic configuration, while over-under designs are often perceived as having improved balance and less felt recoil.
Stock and Fit
The stock should fit the shooter comfortably. Proper fit is essential for optimal accuracy and reducing recoil. A gunsmith can perform a professional stock fitting.
Budget
20 gauge double barrels range significantly in price, from budget-friendly options to high-end, bespoke firearms. Set a realistic budget to guide your search.
Case Study: Comparing Two Popular 20 Gauge Double Barrels
While specific models change over time and availability varies, let's consider a hypothetical comparison:
| Feature | Budget-Friendly Model (e.g., Stoeger) | High-End Model (e.g., Browning) |
|---|---|---|
| Price | ~$500 - $800 | ~$2000 - $4000+ |
| Material | Steel, Synthetic Stock | High-grade Steel, Walnut Stock |
| Features | Basic Chokes, Simple Design | Engraved Receiver, Adjustable Stock |
| Overall Quality | Good for its price range | Exceptional quality and craftsmanship |
This illustrates the wide spectrum of options available. The best choice depends on individual needs and budget.
Conclusion: The Enduring Appeal of the 20 Gauge Double Barrel
The 20 gauge double barrel shotgun continues to hold its own in today's market. Its blend of manageable recoil, versatility, and classic elegance appeals to a broad range of shooters. Whether you're a seasoned hunter or a newcomer to the sport, understanding its advantages and disadvantages is crucial for making an informed decision. Choosing the right 20 gauge double barrel, based on your specific needs and budget, will ensure many years of enjoyable shooting. Remember to always prioritize safety and handle firearms responsibly.