Choosing the right cartridge for your needs can be a daunting task, especially when faced with options like the 17 HMR and the .5.7x28. Both are popular choices, but they excel in different areas. This in-depth comparison will help you understand the key differences between the 17 HMR and the .5.7x28, allowing you to make an informed decision based on your specific requirements. We'll cover everything from ballistics and performance to applications and availability.
Ballistics and Performance: A Detailed Look
The most significant difference between the 17 HMR and the .5.7x28 lies in their ballistics and intended applications.
17 HMR: The Small Game Specialist
The 17 HMR (Hornady Magnum Rimfire) is a rimfire cartridge, meaning the primer is located in the rim of the case. This results in a relatively inexpensive and easily accessible round.
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Velocity: The 17 HMR boasts impressive muzzle velocities, typically ranging from 2500 to 2600 feet per second (fps) depending on the ammunition manufacturer and barrel length. This high velocity contributes to its flat trajectory and long range for a rimfire cartridge.
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Energy: While its energy is lower than the .5.7x28, the 17 HMR still delivers sufficient stopping power for small game like rabbits, squirrels, and prairie dogs. Its small diameter minimizes tissue damage, making it a good choice for harvesting small game for consumption.
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Accuracy: Known for its accuracy, the 17 HMR shines in target shooting and hunting at moderate ranges. High-quality ammunition and a well-maintained rifle contribute significantly to its impressive accuracy.
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Recoil: The 17 HMR’s recoil is minimal, making it suitable for beginners and those sensitive to recoil.
.5.7x28: The Personal Defense Powerhouse
The .5.7x28 is a centerfire cartridge, meaning the primer is located in the center of the cartridge case. This design generally offers better performance and consistency compared to rimfire cartridges.
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Velocity: The .5.7x28 also boasts a high muzzle velocity, generally around 2300 to 2800 fps depending on the ammunition. This velocity provides significant stopping power, particularly with its unique ammunition designs.
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Energy: The .5.7x28 delivers considerably more energy than the 17 HMR, making it effective against larger targets and offering better penetration. This makes it suitable for personal defense and varmint hunting.
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Accuracy: Like the 17 HMR, the .5.7x28 is capable of good accuracy, particularly in specialized firearms designed for this round.
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Recoil: The recoil is noticeably higher than the 17 HMR due to its higher energy and momentum.
Ballistic Comparison Table:
| Feature | 17 HMR | .5.7x28 |
|---|---|---|
| Type | Rimfire | Centerfire |
| Muzzle Velocity (fps) | 2500-2600 | 2300-2800 |
| Energy (ft-lbs) | Approximately 200-250 | Approximately 400-500 |
| Recoil | Very Low | Moderate to High |
| Cost | Relatively Inexpensive | More Expensive |
Applications and Uses: Where Each Cartridge Excels
The choice between the 17 HMR and the .5.7x28 is largely determined by its intended application.
17 HMR Applications:
- Small Game Hunting: Ideal for rabbits, squirrels, prairie dogs, and other small game.
- Pest Control: Effective for controlling rodents and other small pests.
- Target Shooting: Its accuracy and low recoil make it suitable for target practice.
.5.7x28 Applications:
- Personal Defense: Its high velocity and penetration make it effective for self-defense.
- Law Enforcement: Used by some law enforcement agencies for its stopping power and penetration capabilities. The small caliber creates lower risk of over-penetration in populated areas.
- Varmints: Effective for varmint hunting, particularly at medium ranges.
Availability and Cost: Factors to Consider
The 17 HMR enjoys wider availability and is generally more affordable than the .5.7x28. Ammunition for the 17 HMR is readily found at most sporting goods stores, while .5.7x28 ammunition may require more searching and often comes at a higher price point.
Conclusion: Choosing the Right Cartridge
The best cartridge for you depends entirely on your needs. The 17 HMR is a superb choice for small game hunting, pest control, and target shooting due to its accuracy, low recoil, and affordability. The .5.7x28, on the other hand, excels in personal defense and certain law enforcement applications due to its superior stopping power and penetration. Carefully consider your intended uses and budget before making your decision. Remember to always practice safe firearm handling and adhere to all applicable laws and regulations.